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23 Ordinary Differential equations[1QB]

To solve the following exercises, it is imporant to know some fundamental results, such as: the existence and uniqueness theorem  1 , Gronwall’s Lemma; and in general some methods to analyze, solve and qualitative study Ordinary Differential Equations (abbreviated ODE). These may be found e.g. in [ 29 , 24 , 3 ] .

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23.1 Autonomous problems

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23.2 Resolution

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23.3 Qualitative discussions

[ [1R6]]

For the following exercises the following simple comparison lemma may be useful.

Lemma 5

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(There are much more refined versions of this lemma, see for example in section 8.6 in the course notes [ 3 ] ).

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QuasiEsercizio 1

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QuasiEsercizio 2

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23.4 Envelope

Given a family of planar curves, we want to define the envelope curve. Let’s see two possible definitions.

Definition 6 Curve Envelope

[23Y]

Remark 7

[240]

[ [1RT]]

We want to see that the two previous definitions are equivalent in this sense.

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23.5 Linear equations (with constant coefficients)

Definition 8

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23.6 Matrix equations

To solve the following exercises you need to know the elementary properties of the exponential of matrices, see section [2D8].

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  1. A.k.a. Picard–Lindelöf theorem, or Cauchy–Lipschitz theorem.
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Bibliography
  • [29] Gerald Teschl. Ordinary differential equations and dynamical systems, volume 140. American Mathematical Soc., 2012. ISBN 978-0-8218-8328-0. URL http://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~gerald/ftp/book-ode/index.html. (Freely available on the author’s website).
  • [24] to3em. Ordinary Differential Equations in Rn. Springer, 1984. ISBN 978-0-387-90723-9. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-5188-0.
  • [3] L. Ambrosio, C. Mantegazza, and F. Ricci. Complementi di matematica. Scuola Normale Superiore, 2021. ISBN 9788876426933. URL https://books.google.it/books?id=1QR0zgEACAAJ.
  • [23] Livio C. Piccinini, Giovanni Vidossich, and Guido Stampacchia. Equazioni differenziali ordinarie in \(R^ N\) (problemi e metodi). Liguori Editore, 1978.

Book index
  • ODE
  • Picard
  • Lindelöf
  • Cauchy
  • Lipschitz
  • theorem, existence and uniqueness —
  • theorem, Picard–Lindelöf —
  • theorem, Cauchy–Lipschitz —
  • ordinary differential equation , see ODE
  • differential equation , see ODE
  • Gronwall
  • lemma, Gronwall's —
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